proc_pid_maps(5) — Linux manual page

NAME | DESCRIPTION | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON

proc_pid_maps(5)           File Formats Manual          proc_pid_maps(5)

NAME         top

       /proc/pid/maps - mapped memory regions

DESCRIPTION         top

       /proc/pid/maps
              A file containing the currently mapped memory regions and
              their access permissions.  See mmap(2) for some further
              information about memory mappings.

              Permission to access this file is governed by a ptrace
              access mode PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS check; see ptrace(2).

              The format of the file is:

                  address           perms offset  dev   inode       pathname
                  00400000-00452000 r-xp 00000000 08:02 173521      /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
                  00651000-00652000 r--p 00051000 08:02 173521      /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
                  00652000-00655000 rw-p 00052000 08:02 173521      /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
                  00e03000-00e24000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0           [heap]
                  00e24000-011f7000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0           [heap]
                  ...
                  35b1800000-35b1820000 r-xp 00000000 08:02 135522  /usr/lib64/ld-2.15.so
                  35b1a1f000-35b1a20000 r--p 0001f000 08:02 135522  /usr/lib64/ld-2.15.so
                  35b1a20000-35b1a21000 rw-p 00020000 08:02 135522  /usr/lib64/ld-2.15.so
                  35b1a21000-35b1a22000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
                  35b1c00000-35b1dac000 r-xp 00000000 08:02 135870  /usr/lib64/libc-2.15.so
                  35b1dac000-35b1fac000 ---p 001ac000 08:02 135870  /usr/lib64/libc-2.15.so
                  35b1fac000-35b1fb0000 r--p 001ac000 08:02 135870  /usr/lib64/libc-2.15.so
                  35b1fb0000-35b1fb2000 rw-p 001b0000 08:02 135870  /usr/lib64/libc-2.15.so
                  ...
                  f2c6ff8c000-7f2c7078c000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0    [stack:986]
                  ...
                  7fffb2c0d000-7fffb2c2e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0   [stack]
                  7fffb2d48000-7fffb2d49000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0   [vdso]

              The address field is the address space in the process that
              the mapping occupies.  The perms field is a set of
              permissions:

                  r = read
                  w = write
                  x = execute
                  s = shared
                  p = private (copy on write)

              The offset field is the offset into the file/whatever; dev
              is the device (major:minor); inode is the inode on that
              device.  0 indicates that no inode is associated with the
              memory region, as would be the case with BSS
              (uninitialized data).

              The pathname field will usually be the file that is
              backing the mapping.  For ELF files, you can easily
              coordinate with the offset field by looking at the Offset
              field in the ELF program headers (readelf -l).

              There are additional helpful pseudo-paths:

              [stack]
                     The initial process's (also known as the main
                     thread's) stack.

              [stack:tid] (from Linux 3.4 to Linux 4.4)
                     A thread's stack (where the tid is a thread ID).
                     It corresponds to the /proc/pid/task/tid/ path.
                     This field was removed in Linux 4.5, since
                     providing this information for a process with large
                     numbers of threads is expensive.

              [vdso] The virtual dynamically linked shared object.  See
                     vdso(7).

              [heap] The process's heap.

              [anon:name] (since Linux 5.17)
                     A named private anonymous mapping.  Set with
                     prctl(2) PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME.

              [anon_shmem:name] (since Linux 6.2)
                     A named shared anonymous mapping.  Set with
                     prctl(2) PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME.

              If the pathname field is blank, this is an anonymous
              mapping as obtained via mmap(2).  There is no easy way to
              coordinate this back to a process's source, short of
              running it through gdb(1), strace(1), or similar.

              pathname is shown unescaped except for newline characters,
              which are replaced with an octal escape sequence.  As a
              result, it is not possible to determine whether the
              original pathname contained a newline character or the
              literal \012 character sequence.

              If the mapping is file-backed and the file has been
              deleted, the string " (deleted)" is appended to the
              pathname.  Note that this is ambiguous too.

              Under Linux 2.0, there is no field giving pathname.

SEE ALSO         top

       proc(5)

COLOPHON         top

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Linux man-pages 6.9.1          2024-06-15               proc_pid_maps(5)