gpinyin(1) — Linux manual page

Name | Synopsis | Description | Authors | See also | COLOPHON

gpinyin(1)               General Commands Manual              gpinyin(1)

Name         top

       gpinyin - use Hanyu Pinyin Chinese in groff documents

Synopsis         top

       gpinyin [file ...]

       gpinyin -h

       gpinyin --help

       gpinyin -v

       gpinyin --version

Description         top

       gpinyin is a preprocessor for groff(1) that facilitates use of
       Hanyu Pinyin in groff(7) files.  Pinyin is a method for writing
       the Mandarin Chinese language with the Latin alphabet.  Mandarin
       consists of more than four hundred base syllables, each spoken
       with one of five different tones.  Changing the tone applied to
       the syllable generally alters the meaning of the word it forms.
       In Pinyin, a syllable is written in the Latin alphabet and a
       numeric tone indicator can be appended to each syllable.

       Each input-file is a file name or the character “-” to indicate
       that the standard input stream should be read.  As usual, the
       argument “--” can be used in order to force interpretation of all
       remaining arguments as file names, even if an input-file argument
       begins with a “-”.  -h and --help display a usage message, while
       -v and --version show version information; all exit afterward.

   Pinyin sections
       Pinyin sections in groff files are enclosed by two .pinyin
       requests with different arguments.  The starting request is
              .pinyin start
       or
              .pinyin begin
       and the ending request is
              .pinyin stop
       or
              .pinyin end
       .

   Syllables
       In Pinyin, each syllable is represented by one to six letters
       drawn from the fifty-two upper- and lowercase letters of the
       Unicode basic Latin character set, plus the letter “U” with
       dieresis (umlaut) in both cases—in other words, the members of
       the set “[a–zA–ZüÜ]”.

       In groff input, all basic Latin letters are written as
       themselves.  The “u with dieresis” can be written as “\[:u]” in
       lowercase or “\[:U]” in uppercase.  Within .pinyin sections,
       gpinyin supports the form “ue” for lowercase and the forms “Ue”
       and “UE” for uppercase.

   Tones
       Each syllable has exactly one of five tones.  The fifth tone is
       not explicitly written at all, but each of the first through
       fourth tones is indicated with a diacritic above a specific vowel
       within the syllable.

       In a gpinyin source file, these tones are written by adding a
       numeral in the range 0 to 5 after the syllable.  The tone numbers
       1 to 4 are transformed into accents above vowels in the output.
       The tone numbers 0 and 5 are synonymous.

       The tones are written as follows.

       Tone     Description      Diacritic   Example Input   Example Output
       ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       first    flat             ¯           ma1             mā
       second   rising           ´           ma2             má
       third    falling-rising   ˇ           ma3             mǎ
       fourth   falling          `           ma4             mà
       fifth    neutral          (none)      ma0             ma
                                             ma5

       The neutral tone number can be omitted from a word-final
       syllable, but not otherwise.

Authors         top

       gpinyin was written by Bernd Warken ⟨groff-bernd.warken-72@web
       .de⟩.

See also         top

       Useful documents on the World Wide Web related to Pinyin include
           Pinyin to Unicodehttp://www.foolsworkshop.com/ptou/index.html⟩,
           On-line Chinese Toolshttp://www.mandarintools.com/⟩,
           Pinyin.info: a guide to the writing of Mandarin Chinese in
           romanizationhttp://www.pinyin.info/index.html⟩,
           “Where do the tone marks go?”  
           ⟨http://www.pinyin.info/rules/where.html⟩,
           pinyin.txt from the CJK macro package for TeX 
           ⟨http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=cjk.git;a=blob_plain
           ;f=doc/pinyin.txt;hb=HEAD⟩,
       and
           pinyin.sty from the CJK macro package for TeX 
           ⟨http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=cjk.git;a=blob_plain
           ;f=texinput/pinyin.sty;hb=HEAD⟩.

       groff(1) and grog(1) explain how to view roff documents.

       groff(7) and groff_char(7) are comprehensive references covering
       the language elements of GNU troff and the available glyph
       repertoire, respectively.

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the groff (GNU troff) project.  Information
       about the project can be found at 
       ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/⟩.  If you have a bug report
       for this manual page, see ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/⟩.
       This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
       ⟨https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/groff.git⟩ on 2024-06-14.  (At
       that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in
       the repository was 2024-06-10.)  If you discover any rendering
       problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
       is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
       corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
       (which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
       [email protected]

groff 1.23.0.1273-9d53-dirty   6 June 2024                    gpinyin(1)