gnutls-cli(1) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | EXAMPLES | EXIT STATUS | SEE ALSO | AUTHORS | COPYRIGHT | BUGS | COLOPHON

gnutls-cli(1)                 User Commands                gnutls-cli(1)

NAME         top

       gnutls-cli - GnuTLS client

SYNOPSIS         top

       gnutls-cli [-flags] [-flag [value]] [--option-name[[=| ]value]]
       [hostname]

       Operands and options may be intermixed.  They will be reordered.

DESCRIPTION         top

       Simple client program to set up a TLS connection to some other
       computer.  It sets up a TLS connection and forwards data from the
       standard input to the secured socket and vice versa.

OPTIONS         top

       -d num, --debug=num Enable debugging.  This option takes an
       integer number as its argument.  The value of num is constrained
       to being:
           in the range 0 through 9999

       Specifies the debug level.

       -V, --verbose More verbose output.

       --tofu, --no-tofu Enable trust on first use authentication.  The
       no-tofu form will disable the option.

       This option will, in addition to certificate authentication,
       perform authentication based on previously seen public keys, a
       model similar to SSH authentication. Note that when tofu is
       specified (PKI) and DANE authentication will become advisory to
       assist the public key acceptance process.

       --strict-tofu, --no-strict-tofu Fail to connect if a certificate
       is unknown or a known certificate has changed.  The
       no-strict-tofu form will disable the option.

       This option will perform authentication as with option --tofu;
       however, no questions shall be asked whatsoever, neither to
       accept an unknown certificate nor a changed one.

       --dane, --no-dane Enable DANE certificate verification (DNSSEC).
       The no-dane form will disable the option.

       This option will, in addition to certificate authentication using
       the trusted CAs, verify the server certificates using on the DANE
       information available via DNSSEC.

       --local-dns, --no-local-dns Use the local DNS server for DNSSEC
       resolving.  The no-local-dns form will disable the option.

       This option will use the local DNS server for DNSSEC.  This is
       disabled by default due to many servers not allowing DNSSEC.

       --ca-verification, --no-ca-verification Enable CA certificate
       verification.  The no-ca-verification form will disable the
       option.  This option is enabled by default.

       This option can be used to enable or disable CA certificate
       verification. It is to be used with the --dane or --tofu options.

       --ocsp, --no-ocsp Enable OCSP certificate verification.  The
       no-ocsp form will disable the option.

       This option will enable verification of the peer's certificate
       using ocsp

       -r, --resume Establish a session and resume.

       Connect, establish a session, reconnect and resume.

       --earlydata=str Send early data on resumption from the specified
       file.

       -e, --rehandshake Establish a session and rehandshake.

       Connect, establish a session and rehandshake immediately.

       --sni-hostname=str Server's hostname for server name indication
       extension.

       Set explicitly the server name used in the TLS server name
       indication extension. That is useful when testing with servers
       setup on different DNS name than the intended. If not specified,
       the provided hostname is used. Even with this option server
       certificate verification still uses the hostname passed on the
       main commandline. Use --verify-hostname to change this.

       --verify-hostname=str Server's hostname to use for validation.

       Set explicitly the server name to be used when validating the
       server's certificate.

       -s, --starttls Connect, establish a plain session and start TLS.

       The TLS session will be initiated when EOF or a SIGALRM is
       received.

       --app-proto This is an alias for the --starttls-proto option.

       --starttls-proto=str The application protocol to be used to
       obtain the server's certificate (https, ftp, smtp, imap, ldap,
       xmpp, lmtp, pop3, nntp, sieve, postgres).  This option must not
       appear in combination with any of the following options:
       starttls.

       Specify the application layer protocol for STARTTLS. If the
       protocol is supported, gnutls-cli will proceed to the TLS
       negotiation.

       --starttls-name=str The hostname presented to the application
       protocol for STARTTLS (for smtp, xmpp, lmtp).  This option must
       not appear in combination with any of the following options:
       starttls.  This option must appear in combination with the
       following options: starttls-proto.

       Specify the hostname presented to the application protocol for
       STARTTLS.

       -u, --udp Use DTLS (datagram TLS) over UDP.

       --mtu=num Set MTU for datagram TLS.  This option takes an integer
       number as its argument.  The value of num is constrained to
       being:
           in the range 0 through 17000

       --crlf Send CR LF instead of LF.

       --fastopen Enable TCP Fast Open.

       --x509fmtder Use DER format for certificates to read from.

       --print-cert Print peer's certificate in PEM format.

       --save-cert=str Save the peer's certificate chain in the
       specified file in PEM format.

       --save-ocsp=str Save the peer's OCSP status response in the
       provided file.  This option must not appear in combination with
       any of the following options: save-ocsp-multi.

       --save-ocsp-multi=str Save all OCSP responses provided by the
       peer in this file.  This option must not appear in combination
       with any of the following options: save-ocsp.

       The file will contain a list of PEM encoded OCSP status responses
       if any were provided by the peer, starting with the one for the
       peer's server certificate.

       --save-server-trace=str Save the server-side TLS message trace in
       the provided file.

       --save-client-trace=str Save the client-side TLS message trace in
       the provided file.

       --dh-bits=num The minimum number of bits allowed for DH.  This
       option takes an integer number as its argument.

       This option sets the minimum number of bits allowed for a
       Diffie-Hellman key exchange. You may want to lower the default
       value if the peer sends a weak prime and you get an connection
       error with unacceptable prime.

       --priority=str Priorities string.

       TLS algorithms and protocols to enable. You can use predefined
       sets of ciphersuites such as PERFORMANCE, NORMAL, PFS, SECURE128,
       SECURE256. The default is NORMAL.

       Check  the  GnuTLS  manual  on  section  “Priority strings” for
       more information on the allowed keywords

       --x509cafile=str Certificate file or PKCS #11 URL to use.

       --x509crlfile=file CRL file to use.

       --x509keyfile=str X.509 key file or PKCS #11 URL to use.

       --x509certfile=str X.509 Certificate file or PKCS #11 URL to use.
       This option must appear in combination with the following
       options: x509keyfile.

       --rawpkkeyfile=str Private key file (PKCS #8 or PKCS #12) or PKCS
       #11 URL to use.

       In order to instruct the application to negotiate raw public keys
       one must enable the respective certificate types via the priority
       strings (i.e. CTYPE-CLI-* and CTYPE-SRV-* flags).

       Check  the  GnuTLS  manual  on  section  “Priority strings” for
       more information on how to set certificate types.

       --rawpkfile=str Raw public-key file to use.  This option must
       appear in combination with the following options: rawpkkeyfile.

       In order to instruct the application to negotiate raw public keys
       one must enable the respective certificate types via the priority
       strings (i.e. CTYPE-CLI-* and CTYPE-SRV-* flags).

       Check  the  GnuTLS  manual  on  section  “Priority strings” for
       more information on how to set certificate types.

       --srpusername=str SRP username to use.

       --srppasswd=str SRP password to use.

       --pskusername=str PSK username to use.

       --pskkey=str PSK key (in hex) to use.

       -p str, --port=str The port or service to connect to.

       --insecure Don't abort program if server certificate can't be
       validated.

       --verify-allow-broken Allow broken algorithms, such as MD5 for
       certificate verification.

       --ranges Use length-hiding padding to prevent traffic analysis.

       When possible (e.g., when using CBC ciphersuites), use
       length-hiding padding to prevent traffic analysis.

       NOTE: THIS OPTION IS DEPRECATED

       --benchmark-ciphers Benchmark individual ciphers.

       By default the benchmarked ciphers will utilize any capabilities
       of the local CPU to improve performance. To test against the raw
       software implementation set the environment variable
       GNUTLS_CPUID_OVERRIDE to 0x1.

       --benchmark-tls-kx Benchmark TLS key exchange methods.

       --benchmark-tls-ciphers Benchmark TLS ciphers.

       By default the benchmarked ciphers will utilize any capabilities
       of the local CPU to improve performance. To test against the raw
       software implementation set the environment variable
       GNUTLS_CPUID_OVERRIDE to 0x1.

       -l, --list Print a list of the supported algorithms and modes.
       This option must not appear in combination with any of the
       following options: port.

       Print a list of the supported algorithms and modes. If a priority
       string is given then only the enabled ciphersuites are shown.

       --priority-list Print a list of the supported priority strings.

       Print a list of the supported priority strings. The ciphersuites
       corresponding to each priority string can be examined using -l
       -p.

       --noticket Don't allow session tickets.

       Disable the request of receiving of session tickets under TLS1.2
       or earlier

       --srtp-profiles=str Offer SRTP profiles.

       --alpn=str Application layer protocol.  This option may appear an
       unlimited number of times.

       This option will set and enable the Application Layer Protocol
       Negotiation  (ALPN) in the TLS protocol.

       --compress-cert=str Compress certificate.  This option may appear
       an unlimited number of times.

       This option sets a supported compression method for certificate
       compression.

       -b, --heartbeat Activate heartbeat support.

       --recordsize=num The maximum record size to advertise.  This
       option takes an integer number as its argument.  The value of num
       is constrained to being:
           in the range 0 through 4096

       --disable-sni Do not send a Server Name Indication (SNI).

       --disable-extensions Disable all the TLS extensions.

       This option disables all TLS extensions. Deprecated option. Use
       the priority string.

       NOTE: THIS OPTION IS DEPRECATED

       --single-key-share Send a single key share under TLS1.3.

       This option switches the default mode of sending multiple key
       shares, to send a single one (the top one).

       --post-handshake-auth Enable post-handshake authentication under
       TLS1.3.

       This option enables post-handshake authentication when under
       TLS1.3.

       --inline-commands Inline commands of the form ^<cmd>^.

       Enable inline commands of the form ^<cmd>^. The inline commands
       are expected to be in a line by themselves. The available
       commands are: resume, rekey1 (local rekey), rekey (rekey on both
       peers) and renegotiate.

       --inline-commands-prefix=str Change the default delimiter for
       inline commands.

       Change the default delimiter (^) used for inline commands. The
       delimiter is expected to be a single US-ASCII character (octets 0
       - 127). This option is only relevant if inline commands are
       enabled via the inline-commands option

       --provider=file Specify the PKCS #11 provider library.

       This will override the default options in /etc/gnutls/pkcs11.conf

       --fips140-mode Reports the status of the FIPS140-2 mode in gnutls
       library.

       --list-config Reports the configuration of the library.

       --logfile=str Redirect informational messages to a specific file.

       Redirect informational messages to a specific file. The file may
       be /dev/null also to make the gnutls client quiet to use it in
       piped server connections where only the server communication may
       appear on stdout.

       --keymatexport=str Label used for exporting keying material.

       --keymatexportsize=num Size of the exported keying material.
       This option takes an integer number as its argument.

       --waitresumption Block waiting for the resumption data under
       TLS1.3.

       This option makes the client to block waiting for the resumption
       data under TLS1.3. The option has effect only when --resume is
       provided.

       --ca-auto-retrieve, --no-ca-auto-retrieve Enable automatic
       retrieval of missing CA certificates.  The no-ca-auto-retrieve
       form will disable the option.

       This option enables the client to automatically retrieve the
       missing intermediate CA certificates in the certificate chain,
       based on the Authority Information Access (AIA) extension.

       --attime=timestamp Perform validation at the timestamp instead of
       the system time.

       timestamp is an instance in time encoded as Unix time or in a
       human
        readable timestring such as "29 Feb 2004", "2004-02-29".  Full
       documentation available at
       <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Date-input-formats.html>
       or locally via info '(coreutils) date invocation'.

       -v arg, --version=arg Output version of program and exit.  The
       default mode is `v', a simple version.  The `c' mode will print
       copyright information and `n' will print the full copyright
       notice.

       -h, --help Display usage information and exit.

       -!, --more-help Pass the extended usage information through a
       pager.

EXAMPLES         top

              Connecting using PSK authentication
              To connect to a server using PSK authentication, you need
              to enable the choice of PSK by using a cipher priority
              parameter such as in the example below.
                  $ ./gnutls-cli -p 5556 localhost --pskusername psk_identity     --pskkey 88f3824b3e5659f52d00e959bacab954b6540344     --priority NORMAL:-KX-ALL:+ECDHE-PSK:+DHE-PSK:+PSK
                  Resolving 'localhost'...
                  Connecting to '127.0.0.1:5556'...
                  - PSK authentication.
                  - Version: TLS1.1
                  - Key Exchange: PSK
                  - Cipher: AES-128-CBC
                  - MAC: SHA1
                  - Compression: NULL
                  - Handshake was completed

                  - Simple Client Mode:
              By keeping the --pskusername parameter and removing the
              --pskkey parameter, it will query only for the password
              during the handshake.

              Connecting using raw public-key authentication
              To connect to a server using raw public-key
              authentication, you need to enable the option to negotiate
              raw public-keys via the priority strings such as in the
              example below.
                  $ ./gnutls-cli -p 5556 localhost --priority NORMAL:-CTYPE-CLI-ALL:+CTYPE-CLI-RAWPK     --rawpkkeyfile cli.key.pem     --rawpkfile cli.rawpk.pem
                  Processed 1 client raw public key pair...
                  Resolving 'localhost'...
                  Connecting to '127.0.0.1:5556'...
                  - Successfully sent 1 certificate(s) to server.
                  - Server has requested a certificate.
                  - Certificate type: X.509
                  - Got a certificate list of 1 certificates.
                  - Certificate[0] info:
                   - skipped
                  - Description: (TLS1.3-Raw Public Key-X.509)-(ECDHE-SECP256R1)-(RSA-PSS-RSAE-SHA256)-(AES-256-GCM)
                  - Options:
                  - Handshake was completed

                  - Simple Client Mode:

              Connecting to STARTTLS services

              You could also use the client to connect to services with
              starttls capability.
                  $ gnutls-cli --starttls-proto smtp --port 25 localhost

              Listing ciphersuites in a priority string
              To list the ciphersuites in a priority string:
                  $ ./gnutls-cli --priority SECURE192 -l
                  Cipher suites for SECURE192
                  TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA384         0xc0, 0x24  TLS1.2
                  TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384         0xc0, 0x2e  TLS1.2
                  TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384           0xc0, 0x30  TLS1.2
                  TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256             0x00, 0x6b  TLS1.2
                  TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_256_CBC_SHA256             0x00, 0x6a  TLS1.2
                  TLS_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256                 0x00, 0x3d  TLS1.2

                  Certificate types: CTYPE-X.509
                  Protocols: VERS-TLS1.2, VERS-TLS1.1, VERS-TLS1.0, VERS-SSL3.0, VERS-DTLS1.0
                  Compression: COMP-NULL
                  Elliptic curves: CURVE-SECP384R1, CURVE-SECP521R1
                  PK-signatures: SIGN-RSA-SHA384, SIGN-ECDSA-SHA384, SIGN-RSA-SHA512, SIGN-ECDSA-SHA512

              Connecting using a PKCS #11 token
              To connect to a server using a certificate and a private
              key present in a PKCS #11 token you need to substitute the
              PKCS 11 URLs in the x509certfile and x509keyfile
              parameters.

              Those can be found using "p11tool --list-tokens" and then
              listing all the objects in the needed token, and using the
              appropriate.
                  $ p11tool --list-tokens

                  Token 0:
                       URL: pkcs11:model=PKCS15;manufacturer=MyMan;serial=1234;token=Test
                       Label: Test
                       Manufacturer: EnterSafe
                       Model: PKCS15
                       Serial: 1234

                  $ p11tool --login --list-certs "pkcs11:model=PKCS15;manufacturer=MyMan;serial=1234;token=Test"

                  Object 0:
                       URL: pkcs11:model=PKCS15;manufacturer=MyMan;serial=1234;token=Test;object=client;type=cert
                       Type: X.509 Certificate
                       Label: client
                       ID: 2a:97:0d:58:d1:51:3c:23:07:ae:4e:0d:72:26:03:7d:99:06:02:6a

                  $ MYCERT="pkcs11:model=PKCS15;manufacturer=MyMan;serial=1234;token=Test;object=client;type=cert"
                  $ MYKEY="pkcs11:model=PKCS15;manufacturer=MyMan;serial=1234;token=Test;object=client;type=private"
                  $ export MYCERT MYKEY

                  $ gnutls-cli www.example.com --x509keyfile $MYKEY --x509certfile $MYCERT
              Notice that the private key only differs from the
              certificate in the type.

EXIT STATUS         top

       One of the following exit values will be returned:

       0  (EXIT_SUCCESS) Successful program execution.

       1  (EXIT_FAILURE) The operation failed or the command syntax was
       not valid.

SEE ALSO         top

              gnutls-cli-debug(1), gnutls-serv(1)

AUTHORS         top


COPYRIGHT         top

       Copyright (C) 2020-2023 Free Software Foundation, and others all
       rights reserved.  This program is released under the terms of the
       GNU General Public License, version 3 or later

BUGS         top

       Please send bug reports to: [email protected]

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the GnuTLS (GnuTLS Transport Layer Security
       Library) project.  Information about the project can be found at
       ⟨http://www.gnutls.org/⟩.  If you have a bug report for this
       manual page, send it to [email protected].  This page was obtained
       from the tarball gnutls-3.8.5.tar.xz fetched from
       ⟨http://www.gnutls.org/download.html⟩ on 2024-06-14.  If you
       discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page,
       or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for
       the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
       information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original
       manual page), send a mail to [email protected]

3.8.5                          04 Apr 2024                 gnutls-cli(1)

Pages that refer to this page: gnutls-cli-debug(1)gnutls-serv(1)ldap.conf(5)lloadd.conf(5)slapd.conf(5)slapd-config(5)